Water : solid and liquid phase structures in "no-man's land"
Abstract/Contents
- Abstract
- This thesis will cover a large variety of different techniques and experiments, mainly using x-rays, all of which were performed on MIlliQ (18.2 M [omega] /cm2) water. The techniques range from X-ray Raman Spectroscopy (XRS), to Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), to Wide Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS), X-ray Emission Spectroscopy (XES), to Microscopy, to designing a new High Pressure Cell for use with any type of spectroscopy. The results of using these wide variety of techniques measuring water, from near boiling on down to 227K, are tabulated in this Thesis. Primarily we were interested in the effects on the waters structure as we changed the temperature. We have found that as we cool from near boiling to 227K we see a continuous, power law shift in the splitting of the diffraction peaks, which means that at high temperatures our nearest neighbor shells are extremely indistinct, but below 290K we see an incredibly rapid sharpening of the nearest neighbor shells into very well defined shells at 2.8 Å and 4.5 Å as expected of a tetrahedral structure. As a second benefit of measuring the structural properties of very deeply supercooled liquid water, we gain for free structural information on the type of ice that is formed, how fast it is formed, and what shape is takes on when formed at these deeply supercooled temperatures. We found that the type of ice formed was hexagonal ice, not the expected stacking fault or cubic ices, we also found that the nucleation and growth rate were much slower than predicted, and finally we found that the nanoscopic particles of ice had significant anisotropy which also was not predicted.
Description
| Type of resource | text |
|---|---|
| Form | electronic; electronic resource; remote |
| Extent | 1 online resource. |
| Publication date | 2014 |
| Issuance | monographic |
| Language | English |
Creators/Contributors
| Associated with | McQueen, Trevor Allen |
|---|---|
| Associated with | Stanford University, Department of Chemistry. |
| Primary advisor | Nilsson, Anders, 1956- |
| Thesis advisor | Nilsson, Anders, 1956- |
| Thesis advisor | Martinez, Todd J. (Todd Joseph), 1968- |
| Thesis advisor | Solomon, Edward I |
| Advisor | Martinez, Todd J. (Todd Joseph), 1968- |
| Advisor | Solomon, Edward I |
Subjects
| Genre | Theses |
|---|
Bibliographic information
| Statement of responsibility | Trevor Allen McQueen. |
|---|---|
| Note | Submitted to the Department of Chemistry. |
| Thesis | Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2014. |
| Location | electronic resource |
Access conditions
- Copyright
- © 2014 by Trevor Allen McQueen
- License
- This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC).
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