Walters Ms. W.168, Book of Hours
Abstract/Contents
- Abstract
This fine illuminated Book of Hours was produced in two stages in the second and third quarters of the fifteenth century. The manuscript contains eleven full-page miniatures and twenty historiated initials. The first stage of production includes a section attributed to the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg and the calendar (fols. 3r-14v, 52v-211v), while additional prayers illustrated in the style of the workshop of Willem Vrelant were added later in the fifteenth century (fols. 16r-50v, 213r-223r), presumably when the book was bound in its present binding. The Hours of the Virgin is for the Use of Rome. The Use of the Office of the Dead is unidentified, but the calendar is for the Use of Utrecht. The two separate parts of the manuscript were bound together in Flanders. The sections of W.168 attributed to the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg have been compared to Utrecht, Utrecht University Ms. 1037; Cambridge, Fitzwilliam Museum James Ms. 141; the second hand in New York, Pierpont Morgan Library Ms. M.87; Stockholm, Royal Library A 226, and Philadelphia, Free Library Lewis Ms. 88.
For full description, see http://www.thedigitalwalters.org/Data/WaltersManuscripts/html/W168/description.html
Description
| Alternative title | Calendar |
|---|---|
| Alternative title | Office of the Cross |
| Alternative title | Mass of the Virgin |
| Alternative title | Gospel sequences |
| Alternative title | Obsecro te |
| Alternative title | O intermerata |
| Alternative title | Stabat Mater |
| Alternative title | Prayer |
| Alternative title | Seven Last Words of Christ |
| Alternative title | Hours of the Virgin, Use of Rome |
| Alternative title | Long Hours of the Holy Spirit |
| Alternative title | Book of Hours |
| Alternative title | Short Hours of the Cross |
| Alternative title | Seven Penitential Psalms |
| Alternative title | Litany and one collect |
| Alternative title | Office of the Dead |
| Alternative title | Suffrages |
| Type of resource | mixed material |
| Form | parchment; Medium-weight, light-cream-colored parchment, well surfaced on both sides; miniatures on heavier parchment |
| Place | Utrecht, with additions probably in Bruges |
| Date created | [ca. 1425 - 1450] |
| Issuance | monographic |
| Digital origin | reformatted digital |
| Foliation Statement | Foliation: 223+ii |
| Dimensions | 16.0 x 11.4cm |
| Writing Block | 8.6 x 5.6cm |
| Foliation | Modern pencil foliation in upper right corners |
| Collation: Formula | 1(8), 2-6(8), 7(4), 8(10,-10), 9(8), 10(10,-2), 11(12,-3,8), 12(12,-5,10), 13(12,-8,12) 14(10,-10), 15(8), 16(10,-7), 17(8), 18(6), 19(10,-10), 20(8), 21(10,-9), 22-25(8), 26(8-8), 27(12,-1), ii |
| Collation: Notes | Quires begin on pastedown (1) and fols. 8(2) 16(3), 24(4), 32(5), 40(6), 48(7), 52(8), 61(9), 69(10), 78(11), 88(12), 98(13), 108(14), 117(15), 125(16), 134(17), 142(18), 148(19), 157(20), 165(21), 174(22), 182(23), 190(24), 198(25), 206(26), 213(27) |
| Signatures | None |
| Catchwords | None |
| Layout: Columns | 1 |
| Layout: Ruled Lines | 15 16 |
| Layout: Notes | Brown and red ruled lines |
| Hand Note | Written in Gothic bookhand by two scribes in separate campaigns, the first responsible for fols. 1r-14v and 52r-212v, the second for fols. 16r-51v and 213r-223r |
| Binding | Bound in fifteenth-century Flanders (Bruges); black calfskin covering beech boards; blind panel-stamping laid out in two panels on both boards, each panel displaying two vine-scrolls in mirror image of each other containing a bird, a rabbit couchant, a cock, a deer couchant, and a pelican in piety; both panels surrounded by the inscription "Ora pro nobis sancta / Dei genitrix ut / digni efficamur promis / sione Xpristi"; between panels a smaller compartment composed of three stamps displaying a wivern couchant, St. Margaret emerging from the dragon, and a gryphon rampant; all edges gilt; indications of a central fastening, now a pair of late Gothic brass catch-and-strap clasps hinging from lower board |
Creators/Contributors
| Artist | Masters of Zweder van Culemborg | |
|---|---|---|
| Artist | Style of Willem Vrelant |
Bibliographic information
| Language | The primary language in this manuscript is Latin. |
|---|---|
| Decoration Note | Historiated initial "D," fol. 16r |
| Decoration Note | Historiated initial "I," fol. 23r |
| Decoration Note | Historiated initial "O," fol. 34v |
| Decoration Note | Full-page miniatures on fols. 52v, 76v, 81v, 85v, 90v, 94v, and 102v; historiated initial "D," fol. 53r |
| Decoration Note | Full-page miniature on fol. 108v; historiated initial "D," fol. 109r |
| Decoration Note | Eleven full-page miniatures edged in gold and white-streaked blue/rose; Zweder Master sections feature five historiated initials (1 to 9 lines high); Vrelant Master sections feature fifteen historiated initials (8 lines high), as well as ornamental initials (1 to 4 lines high); borders decorated as in Zweder Master sections; floral sprays often found in margins; rubrics in red; text in black ink |
| Decoration Note | Full-page miniature on fol. 128v; historiated initial "D," fol. 129r |
| Decoration Note | Full-page miniature on fol. 148v; historiated initial "D," fol. 149r |
| Decoration Note | Full-page miniature on fol. 166v; historiated initial "D," fol. 167r |
| Decoration Note | Historiated initials on fols. 213r, 213v, 214v, 215v, 216v, 217v, 218v, 221r, 222r, and 222v |
| Decoration Note | fol. 16r Crucifixion Historiated initial "D," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 23r Madonna and Child enthroned Historiated initial "I," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 34v Lamentation Historiated initial "O," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 52v Betrayal Full-page miniature This miniature is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 53r Madonna and Child in half-length, "clothed in the sun" Historiated initial "D," 9 lines This historiated initial is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 76v Christ before Pilate Full-page miniature This miniature is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 81v Flagellation Full-page miniature This miniature is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 85v Christ carrying the Cross Full-page miniature This miniature is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 90v Crucifixion Full-page miniature This miniature is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 94v Deposition Full-page miniature This miniature is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 102v Entombment Full-page miniature This miniature is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 108v Trinity Full-page miniature This miniature is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 109r Pentecost Historiated initial "D," 9 lines This historiated initial is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 128v Man of Sorrows, surrounded by the Arma Christi Full-page miniature This miniature is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 129r Nativity Historiated initial "D," 9 lines This historiated initial is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 148v Last Judgement Full-page miniature This miniature is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 149r Christ holding a globe and blessing Historiated initial "D," 9 lines This historiated initial is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 166v Funeral Mass Full-page miniature This miniature is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 167r Three female souls in purgatory Historiated initial "D," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated by the Masters of Zweder van Culemborg. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 213r St. John the Baptist Historiated initial "I," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 213v St. James Major Historiated initial "O," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 214v St. Christopher Historiated initial "A," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 215v St. Sebastian Historiated initial "O," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 216v St. Adrian Historiated initial "A," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 217v St. George Historiated initial "G," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 218v St. Ghislain Historiated initial "S," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 219r St. Catherine Historiated initial "I," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 220r St. Barbara Historiated initial "A," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 221r St. Apollonia Historiated initial "V," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 222r St. Margaret Historiated initial "A," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Decoration Note | fol. 222v St. Anne teaching the Virgin to read Historiated initial "C," 8 lines This historiated initial is illuminated in the style of Willem Vrelant. |
| Date Note | Second quarter of the 15th century (ca. 1430-35), with additions ca. 1460 |
| Provenance | Created in two phases, with the original part made ca. 1430-35 and the second part made in the late fifteenth century; calendar for Utrecht suggests original site of production |
| Provenance | Libraire Morgand no. 26084, nineteenth century |
| Acquisition | Walters Art Museum, 1931, by Henry Walters bequest |
| Referenced by |
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| Contains |
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| Location | https://purl.stanford.edu/qm670kv1873 |
| Location | The Walters Art Museum, 600 North Charles Street, Baltimore MD 21201. |
| Location | W.168 |
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- Use and reproduction
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Collection
Walters Manuscripts
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