Seismic hazard analysis using the ambient seismic field
Abstract/Contents
- Abstract
- With the recent occurrence of unexpectedly large earthquakes, seismic hazard analysis is now at a critical point, for which ground motion prediction is a key element. Traditionally, ground motion intensity is predicted using the empirical ground motion prediction equations, relations developed from observed ground motion measurements. There is a clear shortage of data for large events at short distances, and seismologists increasingly turn to physics based approaches to simulate ground shaking. Ground motion prediction is commonly divided into three main components: source characterization, wave propagation through a three-dimensional crustal structure, and non-linear site response. Each of these represents a challenging research endeavor, with significant source of uncertainty. In this thesis, I develop the foundation for using ambient-noise seismology to predict ground motion, and apply the methods I build to data in California and Japan. The cross-correlation of the ambient noise recorded simultaneously at two seismic stations has similar properties to the Green's function between the two stations. In this thesis, I develop techniques for robust estimation of reliable Green's functions. Once stable Green's functions are obtained, I use a newly established surface-wave eigen problem solver to correct the surface impulse response for source depth and mechanism to construct a virtual earthquake. I validate the virtual earthquake seismograms against data from nearby moderate earthquakes and demonstrate that strong basin amplification occurs at the same locations in both data sets. I expand the virtual point sources to extended ruptures and characterize the Los Angeles sedimentary basin amplification sensitivity to M7+ scenarios on the San Andreas Fault. In Japan, I use the ambient seismic field Green's functions to characterize basin resonance, identify virtual sources that have for strong shaking potential and recover detailed and complex wave propagation effects due to the basin structure that affect seismic amplification in central Tokyo. This thesis demonstrates the powerful opportunities that weak signals like the ambient seismic field bring to seismic hazard analysis, and gives rise to new research questions that will contribute to improve our understanding of the seismic hazard in populated areas.
Description
| Type of resource | text |
|---|---|
| Form | electronic; electronic resource; remote |
| Extent | 1 online resource. |
| Publication date | 2013 |
| Issuance | monographic |
| Language | English |
Creators/Contributors
| Associated with | Denolle, Marine A |
|---|---|
| Associated with | Prieto, Germán A, 1979- |
| Associated with | Stanford University, Department of Geophysics. |
| Primary advisor | Beroza, Gregory C. (Gregory Christian) |
| Thesis advisor | Beroza, Gregory C. (Gregory Christian) |
| Thesis advisor | Dunham, Eric |
| Advisor | Dunham, Eric |
Subjects
| Genre | Theses |
|---|
Bibliographic information
| Statement of responsibility | Marine A. Denolle. |
|---|---|
| Note | Submitted to the Department of Geophysics. |
| Thesis | Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2013. |
| Location | electronic resource |
Access conditions
- Copyright
- © 2013 by Marine Anne Marie Denolle
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