Intracardiac ultrasound imaging using Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer (CMUT) arrays
Abstract/Contents
- Abstract
- Atrial fibrillation, the most common type of cardiac arrhythmia, now affects more than 2.2 million adults in the United States alone. Currently, electrophysiological interventions are performed under fluoroscopic guidance, which does not provide adequate soft-tissue resolution and exposes the patient and the operator to harmful ionizing radiation. Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) provides real-time anatomical information that has proven valuable in reducing the fluoroscopy time and enhancing procedural success. This dissertation describes the design and implementation of two types of multi-functional, forward-looking ICE catheters developed using capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) technology: MicroLinear (ML) and Ring catheters. The ML catheter enables real-time, forward-looking 2D imaging using a 24-element, fine-pitch 1D CMUT phased array. The Ring catheter uses a 64-element, ring-shaped 2D CMUT array that enables real-time, forward-looking, volumetric imaging. Both of these catheters are equipped with custom-designed, front-end electronic circuits that are integrated with each transducer array at the catheter tip. The close integration of custom electronic circuits with the ML and Ring CMUT arrays improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in each case by 18 dB and 20dB, respectively. The integration process of the CMUT arrays with the electronics dice in the tight space available for full catheter construction shows 100% yield. The characterization of the fully-integrated CMUT arrays demonstrates excellent pulse-echo response with over 100% fractional bandwidth as well as surface transmit pressure levels in excess of 1 MPa (peak-to-peak). The first fully-functional 9F ML CMUT ICE catheter shows remarkable in vivo imaging performance using porcine animal models. A similar in vivo imaging experiment with the first fully-functional 12F Ring CMUT ICE catheter proves very promising. The volumetric imaging capability of the Ring ICE catheter and the versatility offered by its inner lumen make it an attractive interventional device. This dissertation also introduces a novel CMUT structure, called PCMUT. The preliminary simulation and experimental verification of the PCMUT structure show that it is possible to fabricate CMUTs that exhibit non-flexural piston-like plate motion with a significantly improved volume displacement and fill-factor.
Description
| Type of resource | text |
|---|---|
| Form | electronic; electronic resource; remote |
| Extent | 1 online resource. |
| Copyright date | 2011 |
| Publication date | 2010, c2011; 2010 |
| Issuance | monographic |
| Language | English |
Creators/Contributors
| Associated with | Nikoozadeh, Amin |
|---|---|
| Associated with | Stanford University, Department of Electrical Engineering |
| Primary advisor | Khuri-Yakub, Butrus T, 1948- |
| Thesis advisor | Khuri-Yakub, Butrus T, 1948- |
| Thesis advisor | Howe, Roger Thomas |
| Thesis advisor | Murmann, Boris |
| Thesis advisor | Oralkan, Ömer |
| Advisor | Howe, Roger Thomas |
| Advisor | Murmann, Boris |
| Advisor | Oralkan, Ömer |
Subjects
| Genre | Theses |
|---|
Bibliographic information
| Statement of responsibility | Amin Nikoozadeh. |
|---|---|
| Note | Submitted to the Department of Electrical Engineering. |
| Thesis | Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2011. |
| Location | electronic resource |
Access conditions
- Copyright
- © 2011 by Amin Nikoozadeh
- License
- This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC).
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