Differential carbohydrate metabolism shapes colonization by bacteroidetes
Abstract/Contents
- Abstract
- Industrialization has transformed the gut microbiota, reducing the prevalence of Prevotella relative to Bacteroides. Here, we isolate Bacteroides and Segatella strains from the microbiota of Hadza hunter-gatherers of Tanzania, a population with high levels of Prevotella. We demonstrate that plant-derived microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs) are required for persistence of Segatella copri but not Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in vivo. Differences in carbohydrate metabolism gene content, expression, and in vitro growth reveal that Hadza Segatella strains specialize in degrading plant carbohydrates, while Hadza Bacteroides isolates use both plant and host-derived carbohydrates, a difference mirrored in Bacteroides from non-Hadza populations. When competing directly, S. copri requires plant-derived MACs to maintain colonization in the presence of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, as a no MAC diet eliminates S. copri colonization. Segatella's reliance on plant-derived MACs and Bacteroides' ability to use host mucus carbohydrates could explain the reduced prevalence of Prevotella in populations consuming a low-MAC, industrialized diet.
Description
| Type of resource | text |
|---|---|
| Form | electronic resource; remote; computer; online resource |
| Extent | 1 online resource. |
| Place | California |
| Place | [Stanford, California] |
| Publisher | [Stanford University] |
| Copyright date | 2023; ©2023 |
| Publication date | 2023; 2023 |
| Issuance | monographic |
| Language | English |
Creators/Contributors
| Author | Gellman, Rebecca Hope |
|---|---|
| Degree supervisor | Sonnenburg, Erica |
| Degree supervisor | Sonnenburg, Justin |
| Thesis advisor | Sonnenburg, Erica |
| Thesis advisor | Sonnenburg, Justin |
| Thesis advisor | Bhatt, Ami |
| Thesis advisor | Monack, Denise |
| Thesis advisor | Schneider, David |
| Degree committee member | Bhatt, Ami |
| Degree committee member | Monack, Denise |
| Degree committee member | Schneider, David |
| Associated with | Stanford University, School of Medicine |
| Associated with | Stanford University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology |
Subjects
| Genre | Theses |
|---|---|
| Genre | Text |
Bibliographic information
| Statement of responsibility | Rebecca Gellman. |
|---|---|
| Note | Submitted to the Department of Microbiology and Immunology. |
| Thesis | Thesis Ph.D. Stanford University 2023. |
| Location | https://purl.stanford.edu/nx184pg0748 |
Access conditions
- Copyright
- © 2023 by Rebecca Hope Gellman
- License
- This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC).
Also listed in
Loading usage metrics...