Control of salmonella transmission by the intestinal microbial community
Abstract/Contents
- Abstract
- Disease transmission is a multifaceted process mediated by the interactions between the pathogen and host. Salmonella enterica serovars are important human pathogens that cause disease ranging from food poisoning to persistent systemic infections, such as typhoid fever. Transmission occurs via the fecal-oral route, and epidemiological analyses have revealed heterogeneity in host transmission capabilities. A minority of hosts are persistent carriers of disease that are responsible for a large majority of new infections. These carriers are thus termed supershedders, but relatively little is known about the factors that dictate pathogen transmission. The focus of this dissertation work is to identify critical principles and determinants that govern Salmonella transmission. Chapter 1 introduces what is known about S. Typhimurium colonization and supershedding in a mouse model of typhoid fever. The role of the host immune response and intestinal microbiota in modulating infection are highlighted. In Chapter 2, ecological theories are applied to predict S. Typhimurium transmission dynamics. There is intense Salmonella intraspecies competition to colonize transmission niches in the cecum and colon. Salmonella interacts with trillions of commensal microbes within these distal gut sites, and another goal of this study is to investigate how the intestinal microbiota influences supershedding. Host diet can drastically alter the microbiota, and Chapter 3 details the development of a supershedder microbiota induced by a high cholesterol diet. Differences in host genetic backgrounds also influence microbiota composition, and in Chapter 4, we demonstrate that supershedding can be conferred by fecal microbiota transplantation. This body of work reveals that the host microbiota controls levels of Salmonella excreted in feces, as well as host tolerance to infection. Chapter 5 reflects on the importance of the microbiota in influencing Salmonella transmission, and considers the implications on best treatment practices and disease control.
Description
| Type of resource | text |
|---|---|
| Form | electronic; electronic resource; remote |
| Extent | 1 online resource. |
| Publication date | 2015 |
| Issuance | monographic |
| Language | English |
Creators/Contributors
| Associated with | Lam, Lilian H |
|---|---|
| Associated with | Stanford University, Department of Microbiology and Immunology. |
| Primary advisor | Monack, Denise M |
| Thesis advisor | Monack, Denise M |
| Thesis advisor | Amieva, Manuel |
| Thesis advisor | Fukami, Tadashi, 1972- |
| Thesis advisor | Schneider, David (David Samuel) |
| Thesis advisor | Sonnenburg, Justin, 1973- |
| Advisor | Amieva, Manuel |
| Advisor | Fukami, Tadashi, 1972- |
| Advisor | Schneider, David (David Samuel) |
| Advisor | Sonnenburg, Justin, 1973- |
Subjects
| Genre | Theses |
|---|
Bibliographic information
| Statement of responsibility | Lilian H Lam. |
|---|---|
| Note | Submitted to the Department of Microbiology and Immunology. |
| Thesis | Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2015. |
| Location | electronic resource |
Access conditions
- Copyright
- © 2015 by Lilian H Lam
- License
- This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC).
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