Centriole and cilium formation in the development of mouse olfactory sensory neurons
Abstract/Contents
- Abstract
- Olfaction, the sense of smell, is mediated by olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and the multiple cilia which protrude from the dendrite into the nasal cavity. A cilium (plural: cilia) is a microtubule-based structure which arises from a centriole, located at its base. The centriole, itself, is also made up of microtubules as well as hundreds of associated proteins. Many eukaryotic cells, including most cell types in the vertebrate body, maintain a strict count of two centrioles and one cilium per cell. Although OSNs have long been known to have multiple cilia, how they arrive at this state has remained largely unknown. Here, we characterize centriole-related events during the OSN differentiation in the olfactory epithelium of mice. Using electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy, we build upon work by Cuschieri and Bannister (Cuschieri and Bannister, 1975) by demonstrating that cells in the olfactory epithelium of both adult and embryonic mice amplify centrioles via rosette structures, and that free centrioles are also present in the rosette-bearing cells. Intriguingly, cells amplify centrioles during S phase and go on to divide, rather than amplifying centrioles after cell cycle exit, as canonical multiciliated cells are known to do. Furthermore, we identify the early immediate neuronal precursor stage as the developmental time during which centrioles are likely to be amplified. In addition to traditional fluorescence microscopy, we also developed a procedure for expansion microscopy. We use these techniques to characterize what happens to centrioles after they are amplified in progenitors near the basal lamina, building on earlier work (Heist and Mulvaney, 1968; Mulvaney and Heist, 1971). We observed migrating centrioles in the mouse olfactory epithelium, and although they migrate in one or a few groups, the cohesion protein rootletin is missing from migrating centrioles. Migrating centrioles also have less abundant γ tubulin than do centrioles in mature OSNs, and all but one centriole lack distal appendages during migration. These data suggest that centrioles in immature OSNs migrate in a reduced state and proteins associated with mature OSN centrioles only accumulate once centrioles reach the apical surface, where olfactory cilia ultimately form. Together, our findings describe major events and characteristics associated with centrioles during the development of OSNs.
Description
| Type of resource | text |
|---|---|
| Form | electronic resource; remote; computer; online resource |
| Extent | 1 online resource. |
| Place | California |
| Place | [Stanford, California] |
| Publisher | [Stanford University] |
| Copyright date | 2021; ©2021 |
| Publication date | 2021; 2021 |
| Issuance | monographic |
| Language | English |
Creators/Contributors
| Author | Ching, Kaitlin |
|---|---|
| Degree supervisor | Stearns, Tim |
| Thesis advisor | Stearns, Tim |
| Thesis advisor | Luo, Liqun, 1966- |
| Thesis advisor | Shen, Kang, 1972- |
| Degree committee member | Luo, Liqun, 1966- |
| Degree committee member | Shen, Kang, 1972- |
| Associated with | Stanford University, Department of Biology |
Subjects
| Genre | Theses |
|---|---|
| Genre | Text |
Bibliographic information
| Statement of responsibility | Kaitlin Ching. |
|---|---|
| Note | Submitted to the Department of Biology. |
| Thesis | Thesis Ph.D. Stanford University 2021. |
| Location | https://purl.stanford.edu/mf237ms4294 |
Access conditions
- Copyright
- © 2021 by Kaitlin Ching
- License
- This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC).
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