Preschool enrollment and mothers' labor market outcomes in Brazil

<a href="https://embed.stanford.edu/iframe/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpurl.stanford.edu%2Fgx213xr0027" class="su-underline">Show Content</a>

Abstract/Contents

Abstract: I analyze the increase in financing early childhood education in Brazil by FUNDEB in 2006 and the establishment of compulsory preschool enrollment by Constitutional Amendment #59 in 2009 to understand its effects on preschool enrollment and mothers’ labor outcomes measured by their probability of working, hours worked and earnings. I provide empirical evidence of mothers’ responsiveness to changes in compulsory preschool enrollment and financing preschool. I hypothesize that FUNDEB and the establishment of Amendment #59 positively affected preschool enrollment. Then I hypothesize that this increase thus positively affected mothers' labor market outcomes. Through a difference-in-differences analysis, I exploit geographic variation across time and states in preschool enrollment. I compare the labor outcome of mothers of preschoolers with those of mothers with older children. Individual-level data (mothers and children) and aggregate data (families) come from the Brazilian National Household Survey (PNAD). Results indicate that the establishment of both FUNDEB and Amendment #59 positively increased preschool enrollment of 4 and 5 year old children compared to 6 and 7 year olds enrolling in primary education. Results also indicate that higher preschool enrollment positively affected mothers of preschoolers’ probability to work. However, that increase did not affect mothers’ earnings and hours worked, as these effects are not statistically significant.

Type of resource	text
Date created	August 2019

Author	Pinto, Isabela Freire de Andrade

Subject	Mothers Employment
Subject	Mothers Earnings
Subject	Mothers Work Hours
Subject	Preschool
Subject	Public Policy
Subject	Work and Family
Subject	Gender-Gaps in the Labor Market
Subject	Stanford Graduate School of Education International Comparative Education
Genre	Thesis

Related item	Title Stanford Graduate School of Education International Comparative Education
Location	https://purl.stanford.edu/gx213xr0027

Use and reproduction: User agrees that, where applicable, content will not be used to identify or to otherwise infringe the privacy or confidentiality rights of individuals. Content distributed via the Stanford Digital Repository may be subject to additional license and use restrictions applied by the depositor.
License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC).

Graduate School of Education International Comparative Education Master's Monographs

Loading usage metrics...