Tomb S2185

Description

Type of resource	three dimensional object

Creators/Contributors

Creator	Sullivan, Elaine A.

Bibliographic information

Contained on project page	Title Model Metadata: Dynasty 1
ORIGINAL OWNER OR SPONSOR OF STRUCTURE (Owner/Builder)	Title Unknown (2185)
TYPE OF MONUMENT (Type)	Title Mastaba
TEMPORAL PERIOD OF ORIGINAL CONSTRUCTION (First Period)	Title Early Dynastic Period
DYNASTY OF ORIGINAL CONSTRUCTION (First Dynasty)	Title Dynasty 1
ROYAL REIGN OF ORIGINAL CONSTRUCTION (First King)	Title Unknown
SITE	Title Saqqara
MODERN SCHOLAR/EXPLORER FIRST DOCUMENTING STRUCTURE (Discoverer)	Title Quibell
YEAR OF REDISCOVERY IN MODERN TIMES (Years)	Title 1912–1914
TYPE OF STRUCTURE (3D Model Type)	Title Custom model
DATE OF MODEL CONSTRUCTION OR UPDATE (3D Model Date)	Title 2013.0
NAME OF 3D MODELER	Title Tori Schniedewind
SOFTWARE USED FOR MODEL BUILD	Title SketchUp Pro
COPYRIGHT (Copyright)	Title UC Regents, 3D Saqqara Project
SOURCES/REFERENCES FOR 2D BASE DATA (Citation)	Title Polygon data from Bresciani and Giammarusti (2003) added to and emended by GIS Supervisor and Senior Surveyor Emanuele Brienza (2010)
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL HEIGHT OF STRUCTURE IN METERS (Height Original(m))	Title 4.5 (estimated), 1 (preserved)
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL LENGTH OF STRUCTURE IN METERS (Length Original(m))	Title ~42.5
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL WIDTH OF STRUCTURE IN METERS (Width Original(m))	Title ~16.2
SOURCES/REFERENCE USED AS BASIS FOR 3D MODEL CONSTRUCTION (3D Data Source)	Title James Quibell, Excavations at Saqqara (1912–1914), Archaic Mastabas, Excavations at Saqqara 6 (Cairo: Institut français d’archéologie orientale, 1923)
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL EXTERIOR DECORATION	Title Niched façadeA white plaster texture was included in the model based on the exterior treatment of contemporary tombs
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL EXTERIOR MATERIAL (3D Texture)	Title Mud-brick; white plaster
UNCERTAINTY LEVEL FOR 3D MODEL CONSTRUCTION	Title 2.0
Elevation - placement in model ASL IN METERS	Title 55.0
Discussion of virtual reconstruction and interpretative choices	Title The exterior niching pattern and length and width was based on the scaled plan of tomb published by Quibell (1923: pl. 5). Quibell did not include descriptive/exact measurements in his text; sections of the enclosure wall documented on the west and east were not included in the model, as the extent of the north and south walls were not documented by the excavator. The height of the model as reconstructed (4.5m) is based on hypothesized heights for similarly sized Dynasty 1 tombs in the model. Quibell (1923: 5) suggested that it may have stood even higher, possibly up to 6m. None of the the upper portions of the mastabas with exterior niching were preserved at Saqqara; the design of this part of the monument in the model is highly hypothetical, based on Early Dynastic palace façade imagery that shows some type of flat panel between the most deeply recessed niches, with the shallower niched areas extending higher, as visualized more elaborately in Emery (1954: pl. 39)In Dynasty 3, the mastaba (as well as all the Dynasty 1 mastaba tombs) is replaced in the model by a deflated ruin; any elaborate niching, polychrome paint, and enclosures are replaced by a solid rectangular structure, shorter than the original, to represent the possible melting and collapse of the brick structure. The exact dating and duration for this process is unclear, but Emery’s excavations show that, in Dynasties 2–3, new tombs were already built against and even over the earliest structures, suggesting that the deflation process was rapid and certainly took place before the end of the Old Kingdom.
Part of publication	Title Sullivan, Elaine A. Constructing the Sacred: Visibility and Ritual Landscape at the Egyptian Necropolis at Saqqara, Redwood City: Stanford University Press 2020, http://doi.org/10.21627/2020cts
Location	https://purl.stanford.edu/gc627zs9572

Access conditions

Use and reproduction

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons license. The material is made available for non-commercial, research purposes. Any third party material may need to be permissioned separately for reuse.

Copyright

Stanford University, 2019.

License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND).

Collection

Constructing the Sacred Archive

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