Non-invasive Modulation of Thalamocortical Interactions: Altering Sensory Gating with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Abstract/Contents
- Abstract
- When a person hears a tone, an electroencephalogram (EEG) captures a positive deflection in brain waves approximately 50 ms after the tone ends, termed the P50 auditory evoked potential (S1P50). If the person hears the same tone twice separated by 500 ms, the P50 response to the second tone (S2P50) is attenuated, a phenomenon called sensory gating (Cromwell et al., 2008). Sensory gating is the process by which the brain filters out redundant stimuli and is disrupted in several neurologic disorders, including pediatric epilepsy syndromes (Cromwell et al., 2008; Fiedler et al., 2006). Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method for altering both the stimulated cortex and connected regions through electromagnetic induction (Rizvi & Khan, 2019). This method has been shown to alter brain cortical-to-cortical connectivity (Hampson & Hoffman, 2010). Sensory gating of the P50 auditory evoked potential is thought to be modulated by interactions between the thalamus and cortex (Ibrahim et al., 2021). Whether repetitive TMS (rTMS) can alter thalamocortical interactions is less clear but has important therapeutic implications for disorders like pediatric epilepsy. In this project, we modified the standard sensory gating paradigm and evaluated the effect of factors like inter-trial interval (ITI), trial number, and preprocessing methodology on the P50 ERP signal. Later, using insights gathered from the previous protocol development process, a sham-controlled EEG-rTMS procedure was designed for targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a superficial region of the cortex thought to be involved in sensory gating (Mayer et al., 2009). Piloting of the EEG-rTMS protocol found no significant change in S1P50, S2P50, or gating ratio in healthy adult subjects post-real rTMS stimulation. However, more investigation is needed with a larger sample group and different spatial rTMS targets to further explore using this modality to alter auditory biomarkers like sensory gating.
Description
| Type of resource | text |
|---|---|
| Date modified | May 23, 2024 |
| Publication date | May 17, 2024; April 28, 2024 |
Creators/Contributors
| Author | Harvell, Kelly |
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7450-0532
(unverified)
|
|---|---|---|
| Thesis advisor | Baumer, Fiona |
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9162-9458
(unverified)
|
| Thesis advisor | Lee, Jin Hyung | |
| Degree granting institution | Stanford University | |
| Department | Department of Bioengineering |
Subjects
| Subject | Sensory gating |
|---|---|
| Subject | Transcranial magnetic stimulation |
| Subject | Electroencephalography |
| Subject | Neurology |
| Genre | Text |
| Genre | Thesis |
Bibliographic information
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- This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC).
Preferred citation
- Preferred citation
- Harvell, K. (2024). Non-invasive Modulation of Thalamocortical Interactions: Altering Sensory Gating with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Stanford Digital Repository. Available at https://purl.stanford.edu/fb966th2333. https://doi.org/10.25740/fb966th2333.
Collection
Undergraduate Theses, School of Engineering
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- kharvell@stanford.edu
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