On-board hydrogen production from natural gas via a metallic Pd-based membrane reactor
Abstract/Contents
- Abstract
- This work describes the application of palladium-based composite membrane reactors (MRs) for performing steam methane reforming (SMR) and natural gas steam reforming reactions to produce a high-purity hydrogen stream for CO2 capture from the transportation sector. In particular, the effect of different operating conditions on the performance of several MRs has been investigated. Moreover, thin pure palladium and palladium-gold alloy membranes have been synthesized via electroless plating and housed in the membrane module for reaction and permeation testing. In particular, the SMR reaction across porous stainless steel-supported Pd membranes has been investigated with a focus on low temperature and pressure conditions to showcase the ability of the MR to obtain high conversions even at mild conditions. The feed composition ratio, i.e., H2O/CH4, was kept above the stoichiometric limit to enhance conversion, while a permeate sweep gas was used to promote the permeation of hydrogen through the membrane. This application of the Pd-based MR resulted in high methane conversion (84%) and hydrogen recovery (82%) with a pure hydrogen stream obtained from the permeate side at temperatures as low as 400 °C. Stable methane conversions and hydrogen permeation rates were obtained for > 700 reaction hours. Using a Pd-Au composite MR, further reaction testing took place with a real natural gas feed at 450 °C and 300 kPa. This MR operated under a SMR reaction continuously for > 250 hours without a decrease in performance, highlighting the long-term stability of the MR to produce pure hydrogen for long periods of time. More specifically, the conversion of higher hydrocarbons, e.g., propane, ethane, and butane, within the reactor were > 85% throughout the experimental tests. Using a membrane module comprised of a dense Pd77Ag23 membrane, hydrogen permeation decreased when exposed to H2S. This decrease in hydrogen flux was temporary and complete recovery was realized with 200 ppm and 40 ppm H2S exposure tests showing no long-term effects on the membrane. These results allow for an alternative use of pure Pd membranes, which are irreversibly poisoned by H2S.
Description
| Type of resource | text |
|---|---|
| Form | electronic; electronic resource; remote |
| Extent | 1 online resource. |
| Publication date | 2016 |
| Issuance | monographic |
| Language | English |
Creators/Contributors
| Associated with | Anzelmo, Bryce |
|---|---|
| Associated with | Stanford University, Department of Energy Resources Engineering. |
| Primary advisor | Wilcox, Jennifer, 1976- |
| Thesis advisor | Wilcox, Jennifer, 1976- |
| Thesis advisor | Brandt, Adam (Adam R.) |
| Thesis advisor | Edwards, C. F. (Christopher Francis) |
| Thesis advisor | Liguori, Simona |
| Advisor | Brandt, Adam (Adam R.) |
| Advisor | Edwards, C. F. (Christopher Francis) |
| Advisor | Liguori, Simona |
Subjects
| Genre | Theses |
|---|
Bibliographic information
| Statement of responsibility | Bryce Anzelmo. |
|---|---|
| Note | Submitted to the Department of Energy Resources Engineering. |
| Thesis | Thesis (Ph.D.)--Stanford University, 2016. |
| Location | electronic resource |
Access conditions
- Copyright
- © 2016 by Bryce Henry Anzelmo
- License
- This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-NC).
Also listed in
Loading usage metrics...