Pyramid of Senwosret III

Sullivan, Elaine A.

Pyramid of Senwosret III

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Description

Type of resource	three dimensional object

Creators/Contributors

Creator	Sullivan, Elaine A.

Bibliographic information

Contained on project page	Title Model Metadata: Dynasties 12-13
ORIGINAL OWNER OR SPONSOR OF STRUCTURE (Owner/Builder)	Title Senwosret III
TYPE OF MONUMENT (Type)	Title Pyramid, Temple
TEMPORAL PERIOD OF ORIGINAL CONSTRUCTION (First Period)	Title Middle Kingdom
DYNASTY OF ORIGINAL CONSTRUCTION (First Dynasty)	Title Dynasty 12
ROYAL REIGN OF ORIGINAL CONSTRUCTION (First King)	Title Senwosret III
SITE	Title Dahshur
MODERN SCHOLAR/EXPLORER FIRST DOCUMENTING STRUCTURE (Discoverer)	Title de Morgan
YEAR OF REDISCOVERY IN MODERN TIMES (Years)	Title 1895.0
TYPE OF STRUCTURE (3D Model Type)	Title Custom model
DATE OF MODEL CONSTRUCTION OR UPDATE (3D Model Date)	Title 2015.0
NAME OF 3D MODELER	Title Elaine Sullivan
SOFTWARE USED FOR MODEL BUILD	Title SketchUp Pro
COPYRIGHT (Copyright)	Title UC Regents, 3D Saqqara Project
SOURCES/REFERENCES FOR 2D BASE DATA (Citation)	Title Polygon created for the 3D Saqqara Project, 2013
BASEMAPS/IMAGERY UTILIZED FOR GEO-REFERENCING 2D BASE DATA (Maps Used)	Title Geo-referenced on MHR Le Caire map H24 combined with Microsoft Streets basemap
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL HEIGHT OF STRUCTURE IN METERS (Height Original(m))	Title 62.5
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL LENGTH OF STRUCTURE IN METERS (Length Original(m))	Title 105.0
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL WIDTH OF STRUCTURE IN METERS (Width Original(m))	Title 105.0
SOURCES/REFERENCE USED AS BASIS FOR 3D MODEL CONSTRUCTION (3D Data Source)	Title Dieter Arnold, The Pyramid Complex of Senwosret III at Dahshur Architectural Studies (New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2002), 26-27; Dieter Arnold, “Changing the Shape of the Pyramid of Senusret III,” in Abusir and Saqqara in the Year 2005: Proceedings of the Conference Held in Prague (June 27-July 5, 2005), ed. Miroslav Bárta, Filip Coppens, and Jaromír Krejčí (Prague: Czech Institute of Egyptology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague, 2006); Jacques de Morgan, Fouilles a Dahchour (Vienne: Adolphe Holzhausen, 1895)
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL EXTERIOR DECORATION	Title Paneling on the pyramid base
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL EXTERIOR MATERIAL (3D Texture)	Title StoneIn his publication, de Morgan states that the internal construction bricks averaged 11-15cm tall, and his axial drawing of the side of the pyramid suggests there would have been about nine courses of brick per casing stone (1895: 49, fig. 109), which suggests that the casing stones averaged .99-1.35m in height; this compares well to the axial drawing made by Arnold (2006: fig. 6) where the block courses measure about 1m high each, so the size of the pyramid’s casing blocks were designed to at approximately 1.15m in height per course in the model
UNCERTAINTY LEVEL FOR 3D MODEL CONSTRUCTION	Title 3.0
Elevation - placement in model ASL	Title 46.1
Discussion of virtual reconstruction and interpretative choices	Title A reanalysis of the pyramid by Arnold (2006: 108–15) led to a changed estimate of the original shape and size, with a new estimated 50-degree angle on the casing blocks lowering the height traditionally assigned to pyramid (Arnold 2006: 108); first course of pyramid casing was actually almost vertical (not angled) and with a grooved/paneled pattern (Arnold 2006: 109), the extent of this vertical and paneled base of pyramid is unclear, but he suggested it might have correlated with the top extent of the pyramid chapel, ~7.8m tall (Arnold 2006: fig. 6), Arnold’s new height estimate is used in the model, but the decorative paneling on the paneled base was not includedA simple pyramid form (without any additional structures) was added to the model to represent the visual impact of large monuments at Dahshur from the core Saqqara area; no additional details (including the enclosure wall, a pyramid temple on its east side, a northern chapel, and the causeway, nor the presumed valley temple) were added to the modelThe pyramid form (in concert with all the Middle Kingdom pyramids in the model) alters to a deflating ‘ruin’ in the 3D model at the time-slide to Dynasty 26 (672 BCE), approximately 1000+ years after its construction; this does not correspond with a single destruction event in reality, but represents a general marker to the reader that many of the stone monuments of the Middle Kingdom may have been naturally deflating or intentionally reused or their stone repurposed by this point
Part of publication	Title Sullivan, Elaine A. Constructing the Sacred: Visibility and Ritual Landscape at the Egyptian Necropolis at Saqqara, Redwood City: Stanford University Press 2020, http://doi.org/10.21627/2020cts
Location	https://purl.stanford.edu/zm507vz5926

Access conditions

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License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND).

Collection

Constructing the Sacred Archive

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