Anubieion

Description

Type of resource	three dimensional object

Creators/Contributors

Creator	Sullivan, Elaine A.

Bibliographic information

Contained on project page	Title Model Metadata: Dynasties 26-30
ORIGINAL OWNER OR SPONSOR OF STRUCTURE (Owner/Builder)	Title Unknown (Anubieion)
TYPE OF MONUMENT (Type)	Title Enclosure, temple complex (not modeled)
TEMPORAL PERIOD OF ORIGINAL CONSTRUCTION (First Period)	Title Late Period
DYNASTY OF ORIGINAL CONSTRUCTION (First Dynasty)	Title Unknown
SITE	Title Saqqara
MODERN SCHOLAR/EXPLORER FIRST DOCUMENTING STRUCTURE (Discoverer)	Title Mariette
YEAR OF REDISCOVERY IN MODERN TIMES (Years)	Title 1850.0
TYPE OF STRUCTURE (3D Model Type)	Title Custom model
DATE OF MODEL CONSTRUCTION OR UPDATE (3D Model Date)	Title 2016.0
NAME OF 3D MODELER	Title Elaine Sullivan
SOFTWARE USED FOR MODEL BUILD	Title SketchUp Pro
COPYRIGHT (Copyright)	Title UC Regents, 3D Saqqara Project
SOURCES/REFERENCES FOR 2D BASE DATA (Citation)	Title Polygon created for the 3D Saqqara Project, 2013, based on digital data from Bresciani and Giammarusti (2003) and Brienza (2010)
COMMENTS ON 2D DATA (Annotation)	Title Polygon size and form based on plan in Jeffreys, Smith, and Price (1988: fig. 1); eastern edges of structures have been extended to suggest full size of enclosures
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL HEIGHT OF STRUCTURE IN METERS (Height Original(m))	Title ~8.5 in height near the south gateway (Jeffreys, Smith, and Price 1988: fig. 59), although the changing terrain may have resulted in changing wall height along its course, as suggested by the axonometric drawing (Jeffreys, Smith, and Price 1988: fig. 62)
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL LENGTH OF STRUCTURE IN METERS (Length Original(m))	Title ~254 west wall (Jeffreys, Smith, and Price 1988: fig. 61)
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL WIDTH OF STRUCTURE IN METERS (Width Original(m))	Title ~207 north wall (as preserved), ~175 south wall (as preserved/reconstructed), thickness ranges between 7.5–10 (Jeffreys, Smith, and Price 1988: fig. 62)
SOURCES/REFERENCE USED AS BASIS FOR 3D MODEL CONSTRUCTION (3D Data Source)	Title David Jeffreys, Harry Smith, and M. Jessop Price, The Anubieion at Saqqâra I: The Settlement and Temple Precinct, Excavation Memoir 54 (London: Egypt Exploration Society, 1988) and David Jeffreys, “Fieldwork, 2005–2006: Memphis Escarpment Survey,” Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 92 (2006): 16–17
DESCRIPTION – ORIGINAL EXTERIOR MATERIAL (3D Texture)	Title Mud-brickJeffreys (2006: 17) recorded that the enclosure wall mud-bricks measured 44 x 20 cm; this size was used for texturing the wall in its entirety
UNCERTAINTY LEVEL FOR 3D MODEL CONSTRUCTION	Title 3.0
Elevation - placement in model ASL	Title 58.1 base level for exterior northwest and southwest corners; model drops 8+ m as it descends to the east
Discussion of virtual reconstruction and interpretative choices	Title Jeffreys, Smith, and Price (1988: fig. 1) described the monumental enclosure as dating to the Late Period and Ptolemaic Period, and their reconstruction (fig. 61, reconstruction 2) and axonometric projection (fig. 62) were used for the 3D form of the enclosure wall model, its monumental doorways, and the enclosure’s connection to the Serapeum Way. None of the interior details, such as possible interior temples (shown as blocks in fig. 62), central colonnades, doorways, or gateway embellishments were included in the 3D model; the 3D model is a highly simplified and standardized form of what would have been a very complex and irregular structure.The existence (or line) of a potential eastern outer enclosure wall along the valley floor was not established by the excavators. They noted that the east-west running walls could be open spur walls extending down to the valley floor; the structure would then be composed only of two north-south cross walls (Jeffreys, Smith, and Price 1988: 26). The eastern extension of the enclosure walls in the 3D model depict the line of those walls as recovered by the excavators, and it should be understood that the original extent of the walls to the east in ancient times remains unclear.The upper terrace area stands at around 60m ASL, with the lower terrace at 50m ASL, and the escarpment measured about 40m ASL at the point of the last documented part of the north enclosure wall on the east. The model was constructed to generally reflect this great change in elevation as the structure traced the slope of the escarpment down toward the valley floor.The model of the enclosure includes the two possible doorways (south of the Serapeum Way door) leading out of the temple's eastern wall, as suggested in Jeffreys, Smith, and Price (1988: fig. 62, neither of which is included in fig. 61).
Part of publication	Title Sullivan, Elaine A. Constructing the Sacred: Visibility and Ritual Landscape at the Egyptian Necropolis at Saqqara, Redwood City: Stanford University Press 2020, http://doi.org/10.21627/2020cts
Location	https://purl.stanford.edu/xr506vv1677

Access conditions

Use and reproduction

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons license. The material is made available for non-commercial, research purposes. Any third party material may need to be permissioned separately for reuse.

Copyright

Stanford University, 2019.

License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 International license (CC BY-NC-ND).

Collection

Constructing the Sacred Archive

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