Cellular composition of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: determining the presence and characterization of progenitor cells
Abstract/Contents
- Abstract
- Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), although rare, are a leading cause of intracerebral hemorrhage and stroke in young adults and children. Due to a poor understanding of the formation and cellular makeup of AVMs, available treatment options are complicated and invasive, and AVMs can regrow in some cases. Progenitor cells have been implicated in AVMs, possibly functioning in the abnormal growth characteristic of this lesion, but their physical presence has not been directly confirmed. By analyzing the protein expression in human AVM tissue in vivo and cells isolated from AVMs in vitro, this project works to clarify a potential progenitor presence and associated differentiation potential. First, Ki67 and CD133, accepted markers for cellular proliferation and stem cells respectively, were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 29 human AVM tissue samples. In conjunction with previously identified expression patterns, the co-expression of progenitor-associated proteins in AVM tissue strongly indicates a progenitor presence. Second, two progenitor cell lines were successfully isolated from human cerebral AVMs by enrichment under progenitor conditions. The protein profile of these cell lines was then explored by immunocytochemistry to determine their in vitro differentiation potential. These cell lines maintain several characteristics of progenitor cells, including proliferation and expression of progenitor-associated proteins. Importantly, they have a unique protein signature, and the cells proliferate independently of growth factors. Additionally, human serum causes proliferation rather than differentiation. This project augments understanding of the fundamental nature of cerebral AVMs by identifying the presence of progenitor cells. Future research should extend these findings to determine the full characterization of these novel progenitors and their role in AVM formation and/or maintenance.
Description
| Type of resource | text |
|---|---|
| Date created | June 15, 2014 |
Creators/Contributors
| Author | Allen, Breanna | |
|---|---|---|
| Degree granting institution | Stanford University, Department of Biology, 2014 | |
| Primary advisor | Chang, Steven | |
| Advisor | Nelson, William James | |
| Advisor | Simon, Michael | |
| Advisor | Shoemaker, Lorelei |
Subjects
| Subject | Stanford University Department of Neurosurgery |
|---|---|
| Subject | Biology |
| Subject | Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) |
| Subject | progenitor cell |
| Genre | Thesis |
Bibliographic information
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- Use and reproduction
- User agrees that, where applicable, content will not be used to identify or to otherwise infringe the privacy or confidentiality rights of individuals. Content distributed via the Stanford Digital Repository may be subject to additional license and use restrictions applied by the depositor.
- License
- This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 3.0 Unported license (CC BY-SA).
Preferred citation
- Preferred Citation
- Allen, Breanna M., Chang, Steven D., & Shoemaker, Lorelei D. (2014). Cellular composition of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: determining the presence and characterization of progenitor cells. Ed. M. Simon & W.J. Nelson. Stanford Digital Repository. Available at: http://purl.stanford.edu/kk782zc2187
Collection
Undergraduate Theses, Department of Biology, 2013-2014
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- ballen17@stanford.edu
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